Improvement in plows



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IRA REYNOLDS, OF REPUBLIC, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLows.

Speciication forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,398, dated February 13, 1,855.

Figure 1 is a perspective view ofthe furrowv side of the plow.

Fig. 2 is a landside elevation. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the" reversible point. vel-sible share. Fig. 5 is an end view of the inclined slide. Fig. 6 is a cross-section, represeniing the peculiar form of the index with a portion of the beam attached. Fig. 7 is a bottom View, showing thefastening ofthe reversiblepoint. Fig. 8 is a view of the front portion of the mold-board with share and point removed.

The saine letters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

The nature of my invention consists, first. in constructing and securing a reversible point in'suoh manner that the strain of the shank shall be distributed through its whole length furthe purpose of inereasingits strength; secondly, in making asimple, cheap, and ecient reversible steel share, the samebeing cut-front a piece of plate-steel, with its shoulders at right angles with the surface, and securing the same by meansof a screw-bolt, the female screw being formed in the steel share and the screwbolt inserted from the lower side, by which arrangement the nut in common use is dispensed with; and, thirdly, in constructing a peculiar form of reversible self-fastening colter.

f represents the beanlof the plow, constructA ed offany suitable form and material.

b is a clevis, in this instance covering the entirecnd of the beam, and secured thereto in the ordinary way by a strong bolt.

The rear portion ofthe beam is secured to a cast-iron index, g, by a hooked screw-bolt, h, which passes through the beam and clasps the front and lower portion of the index, as seen in Figs. l, 2, and 6.

The index g is made of cast-iron, and so constructed that' its front and upper surfaces form an angle of about ninety degrees. The two sides are made thin and curved on the inside, so as to form a concave surface on the lower Fig. 4` is a cross-section ot' the re' side, as seen in Fig. 6. The front portion of this index is inade to describe a segment of a circle, the bolt fforniing the fulcrum, so that in shifting the beam the hook-bolt may describe the saine circle and bear against the front and lower portion ot' the index, which is rounded in such manner that the hook, when drawn up against it, as seen in Fig. 6, binds firmly on both sides of its lower edge and secures the beain in its several positions. Theindex may be secured to the handles ot the plow in any convenient manner. v

The reversible'colter is made of rolled steel of suitable size. Tile steel being cut the right length, with suitable angles at each end, is then cut nearly off in its center on the sidein.- tended for the cutting-edge, when its two ends are bent inwardly, forming nearlyl a right angle, as seen in Figs. l and 2. The blades of the colter being then curved inthe usual inauner, the ends x a' are beveled to correspond with the upper surface of the point s, as seen in Fig. 1.

In order to form that portion of the colter which bears against thenclined slide lea piece of iron is welded thereto, extending the curves of the two blades nearly to a. point. [tis then titted to the inclined slide la, beveled notch Z, and groove in the point, and when forced back by the operation against the. earth or otherwise secures itself lirtnly in place on the three several bearings.

The inclined slide 7c is made of cast-iron. That portion against which the colter bearsbeing made thick, with an inclined groove, as seen in dotted line, Fig. 2, forces the colter down into the groove on the point, when it is dri-ven back. The balance of this slide is made flat, with a slot in its center, through which a bolt, o,.passes, securing it to the beam in such manner that it may be so adjusted as to always keep the. colter in a direct line with the landside.

The reversible share m is made from a plate ot' rolled steel of any desired thickness. The steel is out the proper angle, and about onef'ourth'of its width drawn down to form the cutting-edge. The balance or rear portion,

being left straight and flat, forms the nut for the screw-tap n, and is so arranged that Whenthe share is reversed the screw-tap n will lit either slide, while the straight dat portions will correspond wththe face of the mold-board,

' ception of the shank of the -point, as seen in Fig. 8. It is also formed with two strong shoulders, r1, which are beveled inward and correspond with the two shoulders of the reversible point, which rest thereon. The importance ot' the correctnessof these shoulders is apparent when itis remembered that they direct the course ot' the point, from the fact, that -the shoulders of the point are drawn back firmly against them, in order that the dip of' the point may al ways be the same when secured in its place. Therefore-,in order that this portion ot' the plow may always be the same, it is formed over a core or chill corresponding in shape to that of' the shoulders and shank ofthe point. The great ditterence existing between this part ot' the plow and all others ot' a similar kind is that the shoulders on which the reversible point bears are beveled inward and made at right angles with the center of the socket or shank ot' the point, so as to facilitate and cheapen the manufacturing the pointand secure a positive position for the same by drawing it back against the aforesaid beveled shoulders, thus throwing the force and strain against the shoulders, instead ot' throwing them on the Shank of the point, which is the case with all' other self-sharpening plows.

The reversible point s is made of two plates of steel about two and oue-tourth inches wide by onehalf ot' an inch thick. These plates are tapered and made thin at theirforward ends, while the rear ends are beveled to form the shoulders 1^. They are then groovetl for the recept-ion of the lower ends ot' the reversible colter, alter which they1 are secured to an iron shank, t, by means otl a rivet, u, which passes through and' secures the three several pieces near the shoulders r r', as seen in Figs. l and S, after which the three pieces are welded at their forward or'thin ends and drawn dow n to form the cutting-edge ot'the point.

The shank or stem t is made of any desired size, and'is tapered from the shoulders forward, so as to passbetween the two plates ot' steel about three-fourths ot their length. Thus it will be seen that when the three pieces constituting the front portion ofthe point are secured as above'described they form a complete wedge-shaped point, with grooves in either side for the reception ot' the reversible share, which enters the point and rests upon the lower plate, as shown in Fig. 1. To place this point in position thestein t is inserted intovthe mortise, as shown in Fig. 8, drawing the beveled ends o't'the point against their seat formed in the front portion of the plow, and firmly secured thereto by means ot' a nut, m, fitted to the rear end ot' the stern t, and bearing against two prof jections or lugs, y, cast upon the inner side of the landside, as shown in Figs. 2 and 7.

Having fully described the nature ot' myyijn! venti-on and improvement, and heilig aware that plow-points have been constructed with' oblique shoulders, a cornerof which was madey to' bear somewhat like the shoulders 'in'm v" plow-point, what l claim therein as new, andi desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The laterallyextending should-rs r r'," drawn back against and somewhat between the two shoulders 1' r, iu order to hold the point-` securely in place and prevent the breaking ot" the shank t near the shoulders in the operation ot' plowing, substantially as set tbrth.

2. The arrangement ot' the within-described reversible steel share as secured to the face ot' the mold-board by means ot' a screw-bolt inserted from the lower side, the female screw being formed in tbe steel s'iare, as set t'orth.

The reversible self-fastening colter, constructed, secured, and arranged in manner and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony whereot' I have hereunto Set" my naine before two subscribing witnesses. IRA REYNOLDS,

Witnesses:

J. H. PHILLIPS, S. W. Woon. 

